Prime Minister Narendra Modi stressed the need to improve India-China relations during a talk on the Lex Fridman podcast. He said competition should not turn into conflict, and differences should not lead to disputes.

Dialogue Over Discord

PM Modi emphasized the importance of resolving issues through discussion. When Fridman asked how his "friendship" with Chinese President Xi Jinping could help reduce tensions, Modi responded with a historical perspective.

‘No History of Conflict’

PM Modi pointed out that India and China share an ancient history and strong cultural connections. "If you look at historical records, for centuries, India and China have learned from each other. Together, they have always contributed to the global good in some way. Old records suggest that at one point, India and China alone accounted for more than 50 per cent of the world's GDP. That's how massive India's contribution was. And I believe our ties have been extremely strong, with deep cultural connections," the Prime Minister told Fridman. Moreover, he said history shows no real conflict between the two nations. He also highlighted Buddhism’s influence in China and its role in shaping their relationship. "Our relationship should remain just as strong in the future. It should continue to grow," he stated.

'Differences Are Natural'

PM Modi acknowledged that neighboring countries will have disagreements. He compared the situation to family dynamics, where occasional differences are normal. "But our focus is to ensure that these differences don't turn into disputes. That's what we actively work toward," the PM said. Furthermore, he stressed the need for conversation. "Instead of discord, we emphasise on dialogue. Because it is only through dialogue, that we can build a stable, cooperative relationship that serves the best interests of both the nations."

India-China Border Issues

PM Modi admitted that India and China have border disputes. He recalled the 2020 incidents that increased tensions. However, he expressed optimism after his recent talks with Xi Jinping. "After my recent meeting with President Xi, we have seen a return to normalcy at the border. We are now working to restore conditions to how they were before 2020. Slowly but surely, trust, enthusiasm, and energy will return." Additionally, he acknowledged that rebuilding trust will take time, given the five-year gap since tensions escalated.

'Competition, Not Conflict'

PM Modi said India-China cooperation is vital for global stability and progress. "And since the 21st century is Asia's century, we want India and China to compete healthily. Competition is not a bad thing, but it should never turn into a conflict," PM Modi emphasised. Last year, India and China reduced tensions by completing disengagement at key border points in eastern Ladakh. Later, PM Modi and President Xi met in Kazan and agreed to restart diplomatic discussions to improve ties.